Land in the upper part of the Thracian Plain in the Stara Zagora Region has been fertile and productive since antiquity. The mild climate and rich soil are favorable for producing varied strains of agriculture. Cereals, sunflowers, cotton, and vegetables, as well as fruit orchards and grapevines are grown mainly in the southern plains. Not only roses, but also lavender, mint and valerian are produced in the valley to the north.

The large pastures in the plains and foothills are conducive for superior cattle and sheep breeding. The pig production industry is an important part of the Region's agricultural sector. GalUS Vereya is a large poultry producer in the Region.

The land restitution process is underway. Private landowners grow their own crops or participate in cooperatives.

Stara Zagora's Thracian University has cutting-edge animal-nutrition, veterinary-science, and agro-economics programs. The Institute for Cattle and Sheep Breeding Research enhances livestock production in the nation. Chirpan's Research Institute of Wheat and Cotton has developed new strains of wheat and cotton grown worldwide. Kazanlak's Institute of Roses conducts research in the field of roses and other extracts for the fragrance, pharmaceutical, and herbal industries.

These dynamic research institutions have the Region poised for a bright, economically successful future in agriculture.